Author Archives: builderblog2020

CPSC 執行消防條例

美國消費品安全委員會的任務是製定不同產品的每個製造商都應遵循的標準。消防設備該委員會關於家具行業的最新舉措是確保軟墊家具不存在火災隱患。消防年檢

該委員會最近一致投票決定提出擬議規則制定或 NPR 的通知。上述行動的重點是製定有關軟墊家具易燃性的法規。

在美國消費品安全委員會採取行動之前，委員會進行了一項研究，他們發現美國各地家具造成的火災損失使該國損失了約 16 億美元。CPSC 將製定的法規預計每年可防止約 100 人死亡和 130 人受傷。

美國消費品安全委員會代理主席南希·諾德（Nancy Nord）表示，通過確保軟墊家具是阻燃產品，消費者將有時間在發生火災時撤離家園。“涉及軟墊家具的火災是美國家庭火災相關死亡的主要原因，”諾德說。

諾德補充說：“阻止家具火災或減緩其蔓延速度將為消費者爭取寶貴的時間走出家門。” 這意味著家具製造商將不得不使用不易被火燒毀的材料。美國消費品安全委員會還希望軟體家具製造商使用保護屏障，使火遠離家具的易燃內部填充物。

諾德繼續說：“今天提出的標準旨在降低這些火災的風險並拯救許多人的生命。該提案將防止著火或減緩軟墊家具火災的蔓延和強度，讓消費者有寶貴的時間來獲得離開他們的家。”

Thomas Moore 閣下也批准了 NPR。摩爾在他的聲明中說：“我今天投票批准聯邦公報 (FR) 通知草案，該草案涉及一項針對軟墊家具易燃性的擬議規則。正如我在投票指示工作人員起草這份 FR 通知時所說的那樣， “該擬議標準的設計和驗證測試的實施對於確定標準草案在減少火災死亡和傷害方面的有效性至關重要。我將非常感興趣地關注該驗證測試的發展。”

諾德指出，美國消費品安全委員會自 1994 年以來一直致力於保護房屋免遭火災。“委員會自 1994 年以來一直致力於製定軟墊家具的可燃性標準，多年來，委員會聽取了包括消費者和環境在內的各種利益相關者的意見。倡導團體、行業、消防組織，以及國會、州、聯邦和國際政府機構。”

委員會採取的這一行動恰逢一年中人們尋找可以是家具的情人節禮物創意的時候。

消防, 消防裝置, 消防設備, 消防服務, 消防工程

更改火災報警系統時要考慮的事項

Leave a reply

如果沒有正確安裝和運行的警報系統，消防設備任何實際位於任何建築物或設施中的企業都無法開展業務。這些系統旨在通知建築物的居住者消防年檢，以便他們能夠以安全和及時的方式撤離建築物。其中許多系統還連接到地方當局，如消防部門。如果發生火災等不幸事件，將調度服務。

公司與當地消防部門密切合作以確保火災警報器正常運行並擁有正常運行所需的所有更新，這一點非常重要。有時確實會發生公司出於多種原因決定對其警報系統進行更改的情況，其中一個是為了增加安全性。如果不仔細考慮幾個選項，公司就無法做出這些改變。以下是可以進行的各種更改以及需要考慮的事項的一些示例。

對警報的修改

修改可以定義為對現有警報系統所做的任何更改。如果 ASE 或警報信號設備發生此類更改，則需要註冊建築測量師批准這些更改。對現有系統的更改可能包括：

更改探測器的物理位置或位置——公司可能需要對辦公空間進行一些翻新，並可能要求他們更改探測器的物理位置，甚至暫時將其完全移除。

更改檢測器的類型- 公司可能決定更改正在使用的技術。公司可能決定從傳統系統更改為提供 2 線報警系統的系統。

調整輸入的監控狀態- 有時會做出改變監控服務或更換新監控公司的決定。
斷開警報

當需要斷開任何警報時，需要註冊的建築測量師提供建築許可。然後，公司必須以正式的書面請求通知其監控公司以斷開連接。他們還必須包括許可證的副本。永久和臨時斷開都必須遵循此程序。還應通知保險公司。斷開連接可能包括以下內容：

建築物未被佔用- 這是為了確保設施或建築物的安全。
整棟建築都需要整修——整棟建築都可能需要整修。這是無法控制的，但必鬚髮送適當的通知。
隔離

當警報系統的電路或區域在最短的時間內被隔離時，就會發生隔離。遠程或站點 ASE 是兩種可能的類型。站點 ASE 將影響整個 ASE 10 到 12 小時。這通常在需要執行維護或需要對系統進行檢查時使用。遠程 ASE 最多會影響系統 24 小時。發生隔離時，應做到以下幾點：

在所有入口處張貼告示。
如果發生任何緊急情況，請選擇一名代表與消防部門合作。
建議所有佔用大樓的人。
提供緊急情況的主要號碼。
在此期間提供安全保障。
如果對現有警報系統進行任何形式的更改，這些是應遵循的程序。如上所述，擁有一個功能良好的警報器至關重要。如果發生任何火災問題，它不僅應通知建築物的居住者，還應通知有關當局。不遵守這些程序可能會給公司帶來一些重大的法律問題。安裝廉價的閉路電視系統和防盜警報套件需要遵循類似的程序，但這可能會在另一篇文章中介紹。

消防, 消防裝置, 消防設備, 消防服務, 消防工程

撰寫火災簡歷目標的技巧

Leave a reply

消防主要處理火災、洪水、消防設備瓦斯事故和多層建築倒塌等各種重大事故。這個崗位的人撲滅威脅平民和財產的危險火災，消防年檢從車禍、倒塌和燃燒的建築物中拯救人們和其他類似情況。

那麼，當一個人進入這個行業時，職位描述可能會有所不同，這取決於他或她被招聘的單位和部門。如果您想申請這個職位，那麼您非常有必要了解這個職位的職位描述。這是此工作的示例工作描述。

1.這個職位的人必須處理許多危險情況。他們必須處理緊急事件，例如火災、道路事故、洪水、炸彈事件以及鐵路和空難。

他或她負責監督和檢查火災報警系統的安裝和編程。他們必須測試、修理和安裝火災報警系統。

3.他們評估和診斷需要維修的設備以及解決問題。他們還負責監督和檢查設備，執行電氣火災報警系統的服務活動，並為客戶提供特殊的解決方案和建議。

他們負責撲滅破壞性火災。他們還必須就報告的火災、煤氣洩漏和其他危險情況找出解決方案。
他們必須在火災現場鋪設和連接軟管，握住噴嘴和引導水流，升起和爬梯以及使用化學滅火器，酒吧，鉤子，繩索和其他設備。
他們甚至要檢查商業和非商業建築，並提供醫療響應和援助。

一個雇主可能會為一個職位收到數百份申請。所以他或她只會選擇那些看起來適合面試的人。你的簡歷目標的主要目的是讓你有吸引力、有趣、值得公司考慮，以便你接到工作面試電話。這是簡歷頂部的簡短而有力的陳述，可以準確地告訴雇主您將如何對他們的組織有價值。簡歷目標示例如下：

我希望在火場獲得一個有聲望的職位，我出色的技術技能可以幫助提高公司的盈利能力。我想利用我的潛力和責任感來實現組織的目標。

消防, 消防裝置, 消防設備, 消防服務, 消防工程

消防安全培訓：確保自己的安全

Leave a reply

隨著消防安全培訓等設施的可用性，消防設備現在人們可以使他們的生活更加安全。這個關於安全和安保的設施與您可以控制的那些可能性有關。消防年檢例如，通常由熱水引起的燒傷和燙傷是一個領域，通過安全培訓可以讓您了解如何更好地處理此類事故。您會驚訝地發現，發生在家中的事故中，特別是與幼兒有關的事故中有很大一部分與此類事故有關。確實，“預防勝於治療”。

然而，擁有足夠的專業知識來治療這種燙傷或燒傷甚至比那些預防措施更好。您應該意識到這些預防措施只是為了防止此類事件的發生而派上用場。此外，當事件發生時，您的技能和專業知識可以幫助您擺脫困境。此外，您在這種情況下的行動將產生更加壓倒性的反應，因為它可以幫助防止人員死亡。

在與中毒或可能中毒有關的情況下，您的知識可能意味著很多情況，情況也是如此。如果您要處理涉及意外中毒的案件，我們將不勝感激您的快速和迅速的行動。專家表示，英國每年有超過 28,000 名兒童遇到此類事故。由於從一開始就擁有足夠的專業知識來處理此類案件可以限製或防止進一步的傷害或疾病，因此對您進行培訓似乎是當務之急。對於家裡有孩子或孩子或需要在工作場所（例如學校或遊樂學校）處理許多孩子的個人來說尤其如此。

隨著新技術日新月異，人們現在可以找到補救措施，例如在緊急情況下與心髒病有關的補救措施。醫學專家認為心肺復蘇術是這樣一個步驟，可以在患者的生存或死亡中發揮至關重要的作用。使這成為一種流行的補救措施的是整個過程的持續時間。對於心臟驟停的人來說，預防腦死亡或不可逆轉的損傷可能只需要六分鐘。

同樣，消防員培訓可以幫助滿足政府規定的安全和健康參數，這些參數需要組織確保員工的生命。此外，大多數公司沒有等待消防人員前來救援其員工，而是發現讓員工接受大量培訓是可行且經濟的。只要部分組織在確保其正確實施方面存在失誤，就會有足夠的規則和法規將違約公司預定到法律論壇。此外，工人還被賦予了向法院提出賠償要求的權力

消防, 消防裝置, 消防設備, 消防服務, 消防工程

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SITE SUPERVISION – Eligibility of Member of HKICM as TCP T4 to T1

Leave a reply

Table 6
Eligibility of Member of HKICM as TCP T4 to T1 (with academic background in building or civil engineering)
Type of Building Works or Street Works	RC’s Stream
Construction Supervisor Member as TCP T1	Associate as TCP T2	Associate as TCP T3	Corporate Member as TCP T4
GIFW	No	N/A	N/A	No
Building Works with significant geotechnical content	Civil	Civil	N/A	Civil
Foundation Works	Building (except for piling works) or Civil	Building (except for piling works) or Civil	N/A	Building (except for piling works) or Civil
Street Works or all Building Works, (other than the above types of works and Minor Works)	Building or Civil	N/A	Building or Civil	Building or Civil
Class I Minor Works	Building or Civil	N/A	Building or Civil	N/A

Notes: The above recognition is based on the following entrance requirements for the various classes of membership of HKICM:

Construction Supervisor Members, who have attained the academic and working experience requirements as stipulated in section 2.4.2 and 6.4 of HKICM’s Membership Handbook (June 2005);
- Associates, who have attained the academic and working experience requirements as stipulated in section 2.3.2, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.2.3 and 6.2.4 of HKICM’s Membership Handbook (June 2005); and
- Corporate Members, who have fulfilled the academic requirements and have had post qualification professional experience as stipulated in section 2.2.2.1, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 of HKICM’s Membership Handbook (June 2005). (Only the degree programmes listed in section 6.1.2 and 6.2.2 of HKICM’s Membership Handbook (June 2005) tally with the academic requirements in paragraph 8.19(c) and Table 8.7 of this Code.)

A person who is a corporate member or fellow of the Institute of Clerks of Works and Construction Inspectorate (Hong Kong) (formerly Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain Incorporated (Hong Kong Branch)) in the civil/structural engineering or building/architectural studies disciplines may be appointed as TCP of grade T3 in accordance with Table 7 and

Table 8 (with Notes) below, provided that he has the required relevant working experience.

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SITE SUPERVISION – Eligibility of Corporate Member of HKICW or CIOB as TCP T3 to T1

Leave a reply

Eligibility of Corporate Member of HKICW or CIOB as TCP T3 to T1 (with academic background in civil/structural/geotechnical engineering)
Type of Building Works or Street Works	TCP T3 in AP’s Stream	TCP T3 in RSE’s Stream	TCP T3 to T2 in RGE’s Stream	TCP T3 to T1 in RC’s Stream
GIFW	Yes	N/A	No	No
Building Works with significant geotechnical content	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Foundation Works	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Street Works or all Building Works, (other than the above types of works and Minor Works)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Class I Minor Works	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Note: For eligibility of a corporate member of HKICW or CIOB as T4, please refer to TCP qualifications and experience in paragraph 8 of this Code.

2(a) A person who is an associate member of the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers of a relevant discipline for not less than two years may be appointed as TCP of grade T3 to T1 for street works or building works.

2(b) A person who is an associate member of the Chartered Institute of Building (ACIOB) with a duly recognized higher certificate or higher diploma of the relevant prescribed qualification in Table 8.6 of this Code, and with not less than five years relevant experience, may be appointed as TCP of grade T3 in the RC’s stream to perform the corresponding work types specified in that table.

3(a) During the early implementation stage of the Supervision Plan System before 22 December 2005, site supervisory personnel who did not meet the required academic qualifications as specified in the Technical Memorandum, but had sufficient years of relevant experience as per part (a) of Table 3 (with Notes) below, attended top-up training courses organized by Vocational Training Council (VTC) or the Construction Industry Council Training Academy (CICTA) (formerly the Construction Industry Training Authority (CITA)) and acquired an Equivalent Certificate would be accepted to possess equivalent qualifications as specified in the Technical Memorandum on a permanent basis. He can be appointed as TCP of grade T3 to T1 in the respective streams in accordance with part (a) of Table 4 below.

3(b)(i) As the industry has raised that there is shortage in the supply of TCP T1, there is a need for organizing a “Technically Competent Person T1 Training Course”, similar to previous top-up courses, to enhance the technical ability of site supervisory personnel working in the industry but do not meet the required academic qualifications as specified in the Technical Memorandum, so that they can perform the duties of TCP T1. A person who has relevant prior experience of not less than 5 years is eligible to attend the “Technically Competent Person T1 Training Course” offered by the HK Institute of Vocational Education (HKIVE) or the Construction Industry Council Training Academy (CICTA) and upon acquiring the “TCP T1 Certificate” will be accepted to possess equivalent qualifications required for a TCP T1 on a permanent basis. He may be appointed as TCP of grade T1 in accordance with part (b) of Table 3 (with Notes) and Table 4 below.

3(b)(ii) With the introduction of minor works as a type of building works different from the major works in the Technical Memorandum, to facilitate site supervisory personnel working in the industry who do not meet the required

academic qualifications as specified in the Technical Memorandum but would like to continue their current role to supervise minor works only, if they have relevant prior experience of not less than 5 years, they would be eligible to attend the “Technically Competent Person T1 (Minor Works) Training Course” offered by the HKIVE or the CICTA and upon acquiring the “TCP T1 (Minor Works) Certificate” will be accepted to possess equivalent qualifications required for a TCP T1 for supervision of minor works only on a permanent basis. Any such person may be appointed as TCP of grade T1 for supervision of minor works only in accordance with part (b) of Table 3 (with Notes) and Table 4 below.

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SITE SUPERVISION – Administrative Procedures for Ground Investigation Field Works

Leave a reply

Administrative Procedures for Ground Investigation Field Works
Item	Procedure	Detailed Requirements
1.	Appointment of AP/RSE/RGE	AP is required to be appointed as the co-ordinator of the works by the submission of specified Form BA 4. RSE/RGE may also be appointed as necessary. The geotechnical consultant responsible for preparation of the geotechnical content of the future submission of foundation, site formation, excavation or other plans or geotechnical assessments should be involved at this stage and work under the direction of the AP and/or RSE/RGE.
2.	Submission of ground investigation plans for approval and consent	Ground investigation plans, indicating the extent of works to be carried out, are required to be submitted in all cases. In the case within scheduled areas, approval and consent under the Buildings Ordinance will be followed whereas in the non-scheduled areas, approval and consent is not required by virtue of s.41(3) of the BO. Nevertheless the ground investigation plan will be useful for BA’s record and for the assessment of level of supervision required.
3.	Submission of Form BA 10 notifying the commencement of work	The RSC(GIFW) is required to submit Form BA 10 which has been signed by the RSC(GIFW) and endorsed by the AP. Form BA 11 and a new Form BA 10 are required if there is a change of contractor during the course of the work.
4.	Submission of Site Supervision Plan	For Scheduled Areas A supervision plan is required to be submitted prior to or at the time of consent application for commencement of ground investigation field works. The plan should specify the name of TCPs and CP(Logging) appointed and the frequency of inspection and/or extent of supervision for GIFW. For Non-Scheduled Areas Prior to or at the same time of submission of Form BA 10, a supervision plan is required to be submitted, specifying the name of TCPs and CP(Logging) appointed and the frequency of inspection and/or extent of supervision for ground investigation field works. No prior approval of the supervision plan is required before the works are commenced. The AP/RGE/RSC should ensure that their TCPs satisfy the qualification and experience requirements specified, and should notify the BA of any subsequent changes of supervisors.

Item	Procedure	Detailed Requirements
5.	Submission of Form BA 14 notifying the completion of work	Form BA 14 is required to be submitted by the RSC(GIFW), AP and RGE upon completion of the ground investigation field works.
6.	Submission of ground investigation reports in support of the approval of foundation, site formation, excavation or other proposals or geotechnical assessments	The ground investigation report shall include the following: a certificate from the authorized signatory of the RSC (GIFW) confirming that:the RSC(GIFW) is responsible for the works stated in the report and that the works have been conducted according to GEOGUIDE 2 and 3;the works have been carried out under supervision in accordance with the requirements stipulated and the supervision plan submitted;the logging of samples and preparation of borehole logs in accordance with GEOGUIDE 3 have been carried out by a Competent Person; andthe field density tests and other tests of samples have been conducted by a HOKLAS accredited laboratory.a certificate from the RGE that he has provided supervision in accordance with the requirements stipulated and the supervision plan submitted.copies of the Form BA 10 and BA 14 previously submitted for BD’s information in view of possible time lapse between the completion of ground investigation and the submission of foundation plans etc. for approval; anda proper surveyed record of the boreholes. The relevant foundation, site formation, excavation or other plans may be disapproved if the ground investigation report is found not acceptable or not including the above information.

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SITE SUPERVISION – Definition of Degree in geology which covers the specified engineering related subjects

Leave a reply

Definition of Degree in geology which covers the specified engineering related subjects

2.0 A degree in geology which covers the specified engineering related subjects shall mean a degree in geology which should have at least three of its modules covering any three or more of the following subjects: soil mechanics, rock mechanics, engineering geology, hydrogeology, applied geoscience and foundation engineering.

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SITE SUPERVISION – Qualifications of Competent Person (Logging) and TCPs (GIFW)

Leave a reply

Qualifications of Competent Person (Logging) and TCPs (GIFW)

1.0 (i) The Competent Person (Logging) shall either be (a) a degree holder in geology (see Note 1) or a cognate subject (see Note 2) in which at least 50% of the course content comprises geological based subjects (see Note 3) with not less than 3 years of post-qualification experience in ground investigation which must include logging of samples; or (b) a degree holder in geology or a cognate subject in which at least 25% of the course content comprises geological based subjects with not less than 5 years of post-qualification experience in ground investigation which must include logging of samples.

New applicants for Competent Person (Logging) will be required to submit documentary evidence in support of their core logging experience (e.g. submission of logs that the applicant has produced, including a brief statement of 2-3 pages explaining the technical aspects in preparing such logs and the reasons for choosing the submitted logs to support his/her application).

Note 1 Examples of degree in geology are applied geology, earth science, engineering geology, geological sciences, geology, mining geology and petroleum geology. The degree should be awarded by universities funded by the University Grants Committee. Otherwise the academic qualification should be assessed by the Hong Kong Council for Accreditation of Academic and Vocational Qualifications (formerly Hong Kong Council for Academic Accreditation) as up to a local degree level.

Note 2 Examples of cognate subjects are environmental science, geography, geomorphology, geotechnical engineering, mining and soil science.

Note 3 Examples of geological based subjects are applied geology, earth dynamics, earth systems, economic/mining geology, engineering geology, environmental geology, field camp/field school/field mapping, geochemistry, geomorphology, earth/surficial processes, landform/quaternary geology, geophysics, historical geology,

hydrogeology, mineralogy, palaeontology, petroleum geology, petrology (igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary), physical geology, physics of the Earth, plate tectonics, regional geology, rock mechanics, sedimentology/principles of sedimentation, stratigraphy, soil mechanics and structural geology. An applicant who holds a degree in geology or a cognate subject in which at least 25% but less than 50% of the course content comprises geological based subjects is considered to have topped up the geological based subjects in his or her degree to at least 50% if he or she has obtained a recognized relevant post-degree qualification (e.g. Post-graduate Diploma in Earth Sciences at the University of Hong Kong or equivalent).

(ii) A person who has already been accepted as a Logging Geologist under the Development Bureau’s List of Approved Suppliers of Materials and Specialist Contractors for Public Works in the Category of Ground Investigation Field Works may also be a competent person for logging of samples and preparation of borehole logs.

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SITE SUPERVISION – Non-conformity and Rectification Reports

Leave a reply

Non-conformity and Rectification Reports

If a non-conformity arises and comes to the attention of a TCP, the following procedures should be initiated :
The TCP informs the Representative of his own functional stream (who will in turn inform the AP, RSE, RGE and the RC of the non-conformity) and completes Part 1 of Form B;
If the non-conformity is considered to pose an imminent danger, the AP reports the non-conformity to the BA;
AP/RSE/RGE issues Instruction to the RC to rectify the non-conformity;
AP/RSE/RGE’s Representative will ensure that the rectification works are completed promptly and satisfactorily;
If the non-conformity is considered to cause material concern for safety and the RC fails to comply with the rectification instruction, the AP will coordinate further action and report the non-conformity to the BA;
Otherwise, AP/RSE/RGE certifies the completion of the rectification works and complete Part 2 of Form B; and
If the non-conformity has been considered to pose an imminent danger, AP reports to the BA the rectifications made.

A flow chart showing the procedures for dealing with non-conformity is shown in Figure 10.1.